Showing posts with label pre-code. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pre-code. Show all posts

The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code Review

The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code
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The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code ReviewThe Dame in the Kimono, Leff & Simmons
The two authors are university professors in English at Oklahoma State University, and constitutional history at the University of Nebraska. The book is dedicated to their wives. The threats of federal and state censorship forced the movie industry to create a Production Code to protect the morals of America. [People may say they want squeaky-clean pictures, but they also watch sensational movies like "Blow Up".] Show Business is inherently dirty or sexy because it presents the novel and unusual that people want to see. Think of those politicians whose private lives were exposed. Aristotle wrote of the cleansing effects of seeing crimes on stage. Did morality plays in the past centuries provide this like many films in the past decades? The `Acknowledgments' lists the very many who helped the authors.
The `Preface' tells about the long-suppressed 1931 "Maltese Falcon" movie. The major companies featured sex, wise-cracks, and double entendre to attract paying customers (p.xii). The threat of a nationwide Catholic boycott led to the PCA in 1934 (p.xiii). Some pre-1934 movies are available today. Censorship forced writers to be cleaner and cleverer. Did such classic restraint result in better movies? The authors chose eleven movies to use as examples. This book tells how the Production Code was created, worked, and finally ended. [Around the time when movie theaters went out of business.]
Part I (Chapters 1 to 3) starts with the fantasy "America lost her innocence" (p.3). That depends on how far back you go. It could go back to the 1830s when the factory system came to New England to end small owner-operated businesses. When was there ever a lack of scandal among actors and actresses? The censorship bills in 1921 coincided with the economic depression. [The earlier silent films also covered controversial topics, like "The Jungle"] Performers had to sign a "morals clause"; producers and directors did not. Some films are described (p.6). Note how the economic bad times resulted in more calls for censorship (p.8). The Production Code was wanted by Investment Bankers for their growing business (p.11). Sensational movies with sex and violence were profitable (p.14). Violence had a "moral value" (p.15). Falling profits eroded the Code (p.26). Hollywood's business followed the balance sheet (p.35). A new Production Code would prevent state censors (p.37). Investment Bankers were an ally (p.47). The real threat that credible was by the Catholic Church; a boycott would cripple Hollywood (p.52).
Part II (Chapter 4 to 11) discusses eleven movies and the censorship conflicts behind their scripts. It seems any story that is dramatic would have censorship problems. A sign of the cross would be objectionable to British censors (like `Dracula'). A bland movie might not do well at the box office. You will be able to decode scenes from old movies. A saloon with dancing girls represented a brothel. These chapters show a lot of research went into this book. These films are seldom available today on TV (like many other B&W movies). [While I've seen a few of these movies on TV, I don't remember much.] You may find some of these details interesting, but it is the finished product that is important, not details of the production.
Many know that the book is usually better than the movie; this book explains why. There are a lot more people involved in creating a movie than for most books. Modifying the story could attract those who read the book. This book also explains how movies are made. Money is raised from `Wall Street' investors, given to Hollywood studios to produce a movie (story, actors, directors, etc.), which is then advertised to generate paying customers. Usually this works well. Sometimes there are clunkers, other times big hits. Many people go to the movies every week so there is an audience for these products.
The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood, Censorship, and the Production Code Overview

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Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema; 1930-1934 Review

Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema; 1930-1934
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Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema; 1930-1934 ReviewThis is a good book, but it doesn't capture the excitement of its subject matter. All kinds of wild & crazy things were happening in pre-code (1930-1934) Hollywood movies (extramarital affairs, prostitution, robbery, violence, etc.), & they happened for the most part without moral judgment on the parts of the movie makers. But this book presents this exciting period in a rather dry, humorless way. It contains lots of useful information about the era & its surrounding politics, but also leaves out a lot of things that should be mentioned. On the plus side, it contains a complete version of the Motion Picture Production Code of 1930 (which is referred to in so many books, but hard to find a copy of). The photos are great, but small in size & printed on the same porous paper used for the text (which results in less sharpness than if printed on glossy paper). The biggest negative, in my opinion, is that a number of important pre-code movies are not even mentioned in this book (for example, Norma Shearer's "The Divorcee"). And why the author spends 4+ pages analyzing "Congorilla" (a 1932 African documentary that was made during the pre-code era but has little to do with Production Code censorship) is beyond me; it's a good analysis but perhaps belongs in a different book!Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema; 1930-1934 Overview

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The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928-1942 Review

The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928-1942
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The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928-1942 ReviewIf you're going to criticize a book, it is helpful if you 1)understand the argument of the book; and 2) understand how the author goes about making that argument. Every critcism that the reader from LA makes about this book reveals the reader's own ignorance.
LA Reader either ignores the fact that Jacobs has consulted over 100 censorship case files or does not know what these are (I am guessing the latter). Ignorance may also explain why LA reader attacks Jacobs for not having watched a film that no longer exists, and then ignores the fact that she painstakingly reconstructs the film as accurately as possible from available evidence (screenplays, studio memoranda, case files). Again, perhaps LA reader does not know what these are.
While one might not agree with Jacobs' conclusions, one can certainly not call them baseless. Jacobs may, at times, overstate continuities between the early 30s and later 30s, but at least she is aware of the fact that the Code existed and was enforced before 1934, unlike other books on the era (see Complicated Women, Sin in Soft Focus, for example).
This simplistic (and erroneous) view of censorship seems to have clouded LA Reader's judgement. Unfortunately, this view is one that is embraced by too many popular books on the subject (again, see Complicated Women and Sin in Soft Focus). LA Reader's apparent defense of this view, ignorance of the facts, and eagerness to attack a book that attempts to paint a more accurate picture of the way self-censorship worked in Hollywood, indicates that her/his views should be taken with a large grain of salt. On second thought, they should be ignored entirely.The Wages of Sin: Censorship and the Fallen Woman Film, 1928-1942 OverviewThe story of the fallen woman was a staple of film melodrama in the late 1920s and 1930s. In traditional plots, a woman commits a sexual transgression, usually adultery. She becomes an outcast, often a prostitute, suffering humiliations that culminate in her death. In more modern variants, the heroine is a stereotypical "kept woman," "gold digger," or wisecracking shopgirl who uses men to become rich. In The Wages of Sin, Lea Jacobs uses the fallen woman film, which served as a focal point for public criticism of the film industry, to explore Hollywood's system of self-censorship and the evolution of the rules governing representations of sexuality.Drawing on the extensive case files of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA), the industry trade association responsible for censorship, Jacobs focuses on six films. Her close analyses of The Easiest Way, Baby Face, Blonde Venus, Anna Karenina, Kitty Foyle, and Stella Dallas reveal the ideology of self-regulation at work and the social constraints affecting the film industry.

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Warren William: Magnificent Scoundrel of Pre-Code Hollywood Review

Warren William: Magnificent Scoundrel of Pre-Code Hollywood
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Warren William: Magnificent Scoundrel of Pre-Code Hollywood ReviewThis is an actor I've done quite a bit of research about myself--I've had to, I started a website in his honor in 2007. As I've said in my review of this title over there, Stangeland has taken a story that I'd figured out the outline for and he colored in that outline better than I believed ever possible. While he talks about all of the films to some degree this title is biography and through surviving nieces of the actor the author has discovered information about William's early days that I never thought would be found: his childhood in Minnesota, his days in New York at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, his World War I service, etc. William's stage career is covered as is, of course, his film career. Stangeland also arrives at the likely solution of why William left Warner Brothers and why his career didn't recover to pre-code heights once he did. I am certainly biased due to my appreciation of the subject material, but I read a lot of film biographies covering stars from this period and I haven't enjoyed one like this in awhile. As much as I might be easy to please on this subject I think I probably would also be one of the most difficult to please, but I absolutely loved this book!Warren William: Magnificent Scoundrel of Pre-Code Hollywood OverviewOn the motion picture screen, Hollywood star Warren William (1894-1948) was a magnificent rogue, often deliciously immoral and utterly callous, yet remarkably likable in his wickedness. Off-screen, the actor was as humble and retiring as his film characters were mean and heartless. This biography examines William's life and career in detail, from his rural Minnesota roots through his service in World War I, his Broadway stage success, and his meteoric rise and gradual fall from Hollywood fame in the 1930s and 1940s. Also analyzed are his film persona and the curious mechanisms by which our culture "selects" certain film personalities to remember and others to forget. Featured is a wealth of biographical material never before available, including rare candid photos of William's early years. Interviews with his surviving nieces provide intimate family details and personal remembrances.

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