Showing posts with label jazz. Show all posts
Showing posts with label jazz. Show all posts

Queen: The Life and Music of Dinah Washington Review

Queen: The Life and Music of Dinah Washington
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Queen: The Life and Music of Dinah Washington ReviewDinah Washington, like Etta James and Esther Phillips, is one of the underrated singers of the post WWII era, and very little has been written about her. So when I saw this book and who its author was,(Nadine Cohodas, who wrote a superb history of Chess Records,Spinning Blues Into Gold), I eagerly anticipated reading it.
After finishing it, unfortunately I'm still waiting for the definitive biography of the Queen. It's very apparent that Cohodas did a lot of research, but the result was turned into a laundry list of club dates, recording sessions, clothes inventories, and rotating musicians and husbands which becomes numbing. What is missing is context and interpretation of these events aside from the repetitive assertion that Washington was narrowly promoted and marketed because of race. I wasn't looking for sensationalism or psychobiography from this book, but I was hoping to gain some insight into Dinah Washington's life, or music, and the lack of analysis left me still wondering both who she was and how she created such wonderful music.Queen: The Life and Music of Dinah Washington Overview

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Blue Smoke: The Recorded Journey of Big Bill Broonzy (LSU Press Paperback Original) Review

Blue Smoke: The Recorded Journey of Big Bill Broonzy (LSU Press Paperback Original)
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Blue Smoke: The Recorded Journey of Big Bill Broonzy (LSU Press Paperback Original) ReviewBlue Smoke is such an entertaining read that it would be easy to overlook the scholarship behind it. In using Broonzy's career to tell a larger story about African American lives Roger House refrains from padding the book with information designed to show off his research. Instead he writes as economically as Broonzy sang. I love everything about Blue Smoke. The layout is lovely, the photographs well chosen, the discography a welcome addition and the content as enjoyable as it was informative. Starting with Broonzy's parents and interspersing details about African American life into the Broonzy family story, House shines a light on economic opportunities, the migration, racism in blues music and (of course) music as a method of detailing social conditions. Using Broonzy's recordings to tell the story of so many could easily have come off as contrived or forced, but Roger House makes it seem the most logical and straightforward way to address the subject. Working with Broonzy's dual careers (the white expectation for blues music required it's own type of minstrel show while the black audiences appreciated Broonzy's more contemporary work) the author combines all into something greater than I expected. While Blue Smoke does address the story of lives in America under Jim Crow, it is also an excellent biography of the artist. I gained a greater appreciation for Broonzy's work in Europe as well as becoming familiar with work I'd overlooked in his discography. A great book and one I absolutely recommend.Blue Smoke: The Recorded Journey of Big Bill Broonzy (LSU Press Paperback Original) OverviewA contemporary of blues greats Blind Blake, Tampa Red, and Papa Charlie Jackson, Chicago blues artist William "Big Bill" Broonzy influenced an array of postwar musicians, including Muddy Waters, Memphis Slim, and J. B. Lenoir. In Blue Smoke, Roger House tells the extraordinary story of "Big Bill," a working-class bluesman whose circumstances offer a window into the dramatic social transformations faced by African Americans during the first half of the twentieth century. One in a family of twenty-one children and reared by sharecropper parents in Mississippi, Broonzy seemed destined to stay on the land. He moved to Arkansas to work as a sharecropper, preacher, and fiddle player, but the army drafted him during World War I. After his service abroad, Broonzy, like thousands of other black soldiers, returned to the racism and bleak economic prospects of the Jim Crow South and chose to move North to seek new opportunities. After learning to play the guitar, he performed at neighborhood parties in Chicago and in 1927 attracted the attention of Paramount Records, which released his first single, "House Rent Stomp," backed by "Big Bill's Blues." Over the following decades, Broonzy toured the United States and Europe. He released dozens of records but was never quite successful enough to give up working as a manual laborer. Many of his songs reflect this experience as a blue-collar worker, articulating the struggles, determination, and optimism of the urban black working class. Before his death in 1958, Broonzy finally achieved crossover success as a key player in the folk revival movement led by Pete Seeger and Alan Lomax, and as a blues ambassador to British musicians such as Lonnie Donegan and Eric Clapton. Weaving Broonzy's recordings, writings, and interviews into a compelling narrative of his life, Blue Smoke offers a comprehensive portrait of an artist recognized today as one of the most prolific and influential working-class blues musicians of the era.

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Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922 Review

Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922
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Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922 ReviewThis slim volume offers an elegant, useful overview of the scholarship on mass culture in the US. It extends the picture of American mass culture to include forays into Europe and the reception of European audiences and critics.It doesn't offer much in the way of new archival work; it largely relies on the studies by other historians on separate areas of mass culture, from Wild West shows and amusement parks to world's fairs and early cinema. But this is what makes the book particularly useful: it brings this work together in order to think through the larger questions of mass culture as a whole.
Does mass culture ultimately represent a regressive ideological force, one that has united Americans by disseminating an implicitly white nationalist idea of what America is? Or is it a more equivocal force through which consumers have sometimes been able to refashion their own meanings and spaces? The authors examine these questions in a fairly even-handed way, and recognize the arguments on both sides. They don't go into these questions in great depth, however. But there is an extremely helpful bibliographic essay at the end of the book that maps out the major critical arguments, from the early 20th century to the present, and that includes both American thinkers and European intellectuals. I would recommend this essay for anyone wanting to get a quick overview of this scholarly terrain.
My one reservation about this bibliography, however, is that it doesn't give any attention to the important scholarship on mass culture and the public sphere that has been produced in the wake of Habermas's book on the public sphere. There is a whole area of scholarship, from Negt and Kluge's response to Habermas, Miriam Hansen's work on Kracauer, and Michael Warner's work on counter publics, that is vital to thinking through questions of mass culture. The authors of this book have too quickly classified the Frankfurt School as one of "pessimism" about mass culture, but the picture is more complicated than that.Buffalo Bill in Bologna: The Americanization of the World, 1869-1922 OverviewWhen it comes to the production and distribution of mass culture, no country in modern times has come close to rivaling the success of America. From blue jeans in central Europe to Elvis Presley's face on a Republic of Chad postage stamp, the reach of American mass culture extends into every corner of the globe. Most believe this is a twentieth-century phenomenon, but here Robert W. Rydell and Rob Kroes prove that its roots are far deeper.Buffalo Bill in Bologna reveals that the process of globalizing American mass culture began as early as the mid-nineteenth century. In fact, by the end of World War I, the United States already boasted an advanced network of culture industries that served to promote American values. Rydell and Kroes narrate how the circuses, amusement parks, vaudeville, mail-order catalogs, dime novels, and movies developed after the Civil War—tools central to hastening the reconstruction of the country—actually doubled as agents of American cultural diplomacy abroad. As symbols of America's version of the "good life," cultural products became a primary means for people around the world, especially in Europe, to reimagine both America and themselves in the context of America's growing global sphere of influence. Paying special attention to the role of the world's fairs, the exporting of Buffalo Bill's Wild West show to Europe, the release of The Birth of a Nation, and Woodrow Wilson's creation of the Committee on Public Information, Rydell and Kroes offer an absorbing tour through America's cultural expansion at the turn of the century. Buffalo Bill in Bologna is thus a tour de force that recasts what has been popularly understood about this period of American and global history.

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For Guitar Players Only Review

For Guitar Players Only
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For Guitar Players Only ReviewThis effort by Tedesco is more successful than his _Confessions of a Guitar Player_: it's better edited overall (though still with a goodly number of spelling errors) and better structured. Perhaps it's worth reading through once and then using bits of it in conjunction with other materials.
There are two major themes in this book: sight-reading and studio work. As before in his other book, once he starts talking about studio work, all is good: he definitely knows a lot about this and offers a lot of specific musical as well as general life-philosophical advice. Based on my personal experience I can testify that this aspect of the book is very valid and quite worth reading. Another thing that is useful here is a generous set of samples of _real_ scores he used in different contexts: film, shows, recordings, etc., which shows you what to expect and differences between them. All in all, if this had been the only thing he talked about in this book, the book would have been about 40 pages long, all of it to the point and fairly concentrated, and I would have given it five stars. But, it's not the only thing, so let's get to the rest:
The first part of the book is dedicated to sight-reading. Despite what the other reviewers tell you, this part is useless. It is so because it's unsystematic, unclear, and way too short of material. What he does is basically list the notes, chromatically, along every string from I to XV position and tells you to memorise them; then he gives a few pages of per-string drills where all those notes are used. That's it. Well, if you need a fretboard layout plus a few pages of drill material for after you've learned to read well, this is good, but anything else?
Sight reading isn't an intellectual task that could be mastered by reading much and doing little -- or, at least, no more so than riding a bike or touch typing, meaning there's some expenditure of brain fuel at the very beginning but the goal is to eliminate this component, to make the process mentally effortless, automatic. The way to proceed here is to (1) take SMALL bites and (2) CHEW THEM WELL. A beginner won't be able to memorise the whole fretboard in one shot and thus won't be able to read the drills; which renders the whole affair useless. The author obviously knows his stuff as a player, but has no clue (or doesn't care) about methodology of teaching.
You need to pick just a few notes and then play a ton of material using only them for however long it takes till it's ingrained not just in your mind, but in your fingers; then add another two, and so on. Slow, yes, but digestible and reinforceable. Small bites. Another thing is chromaticity: it's silly, at least at the beginning, to memorise where flats and sharps are. It's not hard to find F sharp when your fingers know where the F is. So again, one step at a time: you don't start with a full chromatic row: you start with the notes of the C maj (A min) scale and work on them till you can flawlessly poke into them in real time. Then, from this basis, you can hit the full chromatic row much more easily. Small bites/chew well. But the book's approach is different -- all material given in one lump (too much to digest for a beginner) followed by ungraduated drills (useless).
And then, there's simply not enough drill material! Drill material is the main thing that a sight-reading course must provide. You need dozens of pages per every "bite", not like five in total. If a sight-reading book doesn't contain a megaton of specific, simple drills, it is useless, period. A beginner can't use real music for drills 'cause real music isn't graduated, and therefore compiling this sort of material _is_ the main task of an author of a sight-reading book. If this is not done, the author didn't do his job.
The next flaw is that the text is unclear. Btw, while we're at it, the book contains an appendix where a small number of relevant terms are given (sforzando, legato, this sort of thing). There are errors in it (eg, "formata" instead of "fermata", "expressio" instead of "espressivo", "signo" instead of "segno", etc.) Some explanations are fairly half-witted too, like when he explains that two half notes are four beats. Well, they are -- in 4/4 --, but in, say, 2/2 they're two beats, and what about 12/8 or 69/234.5 ? :-) In general, note values and beats have nothing to do with each other, beats being dictated by the time signature not the length of notes in a measure. I can't understand how a professional musician could make such errors, and the problem with them is that a beginner will not recognise these as errors and will learn incorrectly.
So, all in all, I'd say while the second part¹ of this book (on studio work) is worthwhile, if you're specifically after sight-reading, get something else, for example books by Benedict (for classical guitar though, but so what), or _Music Reading for Guitar_ by David Oakes. Books by William Leavitt are really good (tons of graded music, no text to speak of, goes position after position; these are really systematic, intelligent books: get both _Reading Studies_, and _Advanced Reading Studies_). Leavitt's approach is right on the money -- although I'd recommend to start from Oakes 'cause Leavitt literally has no text at all whereas Oakes explains things very nicely: his book is really two books in one -- how to read music, and how to sight-read: this is ideal for a beginner, but for a megaton of drills turn then to Leavitt... Well, something like that, you get the point.
The main problem with sight-reading books for the beginner is that there isn't a lot of literature with A LARGE AMOUNT of graduated-drill music in them, and although there's certainly a huge amount of free or near-free real music one could read, a beginner can't start from it: the ability to sight-read real music has to be slowly worked up to. Once you're there, the sky's the limit, but you gotta get there first.
Bottomline: the book is worth a selective read (mostly the second half), but it doesn't deliver on ALL its promises; beware the errors and don't expect to master sight-reading with it.
---
Note 1: When I say first or second part I mean it somewhat loosely. It means "mostly first" or "mostly second" part because a small amount of stuff is scattered about.For Guitar Players Only OverviewFor Guitar Players Only is one of the most unique books ever written for guitar. Legendary studio guitarist Tommy Tedesco shares his personal hints and exercises for improving picking technique and sight reading abilities, while offering countless other inside tips that will further your guitar career. The book includes actual parts that have been recorded for movies, television, albums, and commercials.

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Backstory in Blue: Ellington at Newport '56 Review

Backstory in Blue: Ellington at Newport '56
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Backstory in Blue: Ellington at Newport '56 ReviewThe following review appeared in issue 315 of Jazz & Blues Report (April 2009). My star rating is being conservative or stingy.
The last few years have seen a spate of books centered around a record album, telling the story about the artists and how the specific album came about and its impact. For example, Ashley Kahn has provided wonderful volumes devoted to "Kind of Blue" and "A Love Supreme." John Fass Morton's new book, "Backstory in Blue: Ellington at Newport 56" is on one level the story of the classic live recording by Duke Ellington and His Orchestra, but it goes even deeper into social history to examine not simply how the recording happened, but also discuss the impact of the Festival performance.
The performance at Newport is recognized as helping revive Ellington's prominence in the American music scene and Morton provides a valuable and concise sketch of Ellington's career, including his emergence in New York during the twenties; the prominent part he played in the Swing era; how he was affected by the decline of the big bands and the shift in the direction of popular music; and the recording career including Ellington's aspirations which related to the writing and performance/recording of longer compositions. Yet no longer enjoying the financial success allowing him to maintain the same level of a band, by 1955 Ellington had to accept a six week stint at the Aquacades in Flushing Meadows, the site of the 1939 World's Fair, which also led to him having to replace several band members lacking a local union card.
At this time Ellington was also frustrated with the record companies. While Columbia, which was popularizing the new LP form, enabled Ellington to record extended works including the now highly regarded "Masterpieces" and "Ellington Uptown," they were not commercial successes. And frustrated with the two major labels, Victor and Columbia, he signed with Capital but again met little success. Ellington was an emcee at the 1955 Newport Jazz Festival, foreshadowing his performance the next year and by then had resigned with Columbia where he was reunited with George Avakian who had produced "Masterpieces" and had also produced successful recordings by Dave Brubeck and Louis Armstrong, and was behind the recording of Ellington and others at the 1956 Festival.
Morton weaves together Avakian's biography along with that of the members of the 1956 Ellington Band, the most interesting of which was tenor saxophonist Paul Gonsalves (of Cape Verdean descent), the birth and early history of the Newport Jazz Festivals and the story of Elaine Anderson, the blonde lady whose dance during Paul Gonsalves' tenor solo was part of the musical magic generated that July 1956 evening. It is fascinating to read how Elaine Lorillard, wife of an heir of a tobacco fortune, helped establish the festival in this most unlikely setting, a high society community. Then she helped sustain the festival against local opposition towards the earliest Newport Festivals. This is where George Wein first started producing festivals, and there were a number of interesting tidbits including the fact that Wein created the Photographer's Pit for the first Newport Jazz Festival, something many working press at festivals take for granted.
We get to the magic evening and the performance of Ellington and others on the bill that night. Ellington's long-extended original work, Newport Jazz Festival Suite, had received lukewarm applause, and recognizing this he launched into Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue, with an interval where he would play piano before calling forth Gonsalves who launched into one of the most celebrated tenor saxophone blues solos of all time with the band spurred on as Jo Jones whacked a roll newspaper into his hand. As the audience reaction got more enthusiastic, Elaine Anderson started dancing in the aisle near the stage while Gonsalves kept preaching the blues. Her dance was captured by the photographers in the Photo Pit and were included in coverage of the event as well as on the back cover of "Ellington at Newport 56." At the time her identity was not known, but Morton was able to uncover her story of a one-time Hollywood hopeful starlet who had settled into the somewhat frustrating live of a wife and mother. And while this is going on, we learn how Avakian and others are dealing with the fact Gonsalves is not playing directly into the mike being used to record his performance, but fortunately into a microphone used by Voice of America for foreign broadcast and the recording of which years later would be used in some reissues of the album in the digital age. Morton then discusses the aftermath of that night including the release of the recording, the impact of the album and press coverage of Ellington's performance on the revitalization of his big band, and what happened to the participants subsequently.

There is so much in this rich and varied story for Morton to tell us. Given the rich historical tapestry, there are places one might feel one is bogged down in detail, but not only would one be hard-pressed to find anything extraneous, but at a certain point the story told here takes over and you settle in for the ride. Washington post book critic Jonathan Yardley authored the book's introduction and he notes that "I have been blessed in many ways, probably more than I deserve, with a richly rewarding private life and a small but gratifying public one, but that night in Newport stands alone and apart." It is to Morton's credit that he is able to convey some sense of the magic that made that night so unique and memorable. This book will make those having the album listen to it a new, and for others hopefully lead them to discover that one magical evening in Newport, Rhode Island.
Backstory in Blue: Ellington at Newport '56 OverviewIt may be that the song most baby boomers identify from July 1956 is a simple twelve-bar blues, hyped on national television by a twenty-one-year-old Elvis Presley and his handlers. But it is a very different song, with its elongated fourteen-bar choruses of rhythm and dissonance, played on the night of July 7, 1956, by a fifty-seven-year-old Duke Ellington and his big band that got everybody on their feet and moving as one. More than fifty years later, "Diminuendo and Crescendo in Blue," recorded at the 1956 Newport Jazz Festival, still makes a profound statement about postwar America - how we got there and where it all went."Backstory in Blue" is a behind-the-scenes look at this epic moment in American cultural history. It is the story of who and what made Ellington's composition so compelling and how one piece of music reflected the feelings and shaped the sensibilities of the postwar generation. As John Fass Morton explains, it was music expressed as much by those who performed offstage as by those who performed on.Written from the point of view of the audience, this unique account draws on interviews with fans and music professionals of all kinds who were there and whose lives were touched, and in some cases changed, by the experience. Included are profiles of George Avakian, who recorded and produced Ellington at Newport 1956; Paul Gonsalves, the tenor sax player responsible for the legendary twenty-seven choruses that enabled the rebirth of Ellington's career; and the "Bedford Blonde," Elaine Anderson, whose dance ignited both the band and the crowd.Duke Ellington once remarked, "I was born at Newport." Here we learn that Newport was much more than the turning point for Ellington's career. It was the tipping point for a generation and a musical genre.

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Just Jazz Real Book, E Flat Edition Review

Just Jazz Real Book, E Flat Edition
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Just Jazz Real Book, E Flat Edition ReviewThis book has a great set of songs. We use it weekly at our jazz quartet gig. Make sure you get one with a comb or spiral binding. Some versions have a regular "songbook" binding which won't stay open well. This book has some overlap with the the "Just Standards" book, but there were enough differences to warrant me buying the book in addition to the "Standards" book in the same series.
I perform a weekly gig and this book and the "Standards" book are the only two I use. The changes are good and easy to read. Very few mistakes although it is not perfect. By getting C books for the piano and bass, we are reading the same charts and are literally on the same page. I also sing and lyrics are included and easy to read.
I like this better than other "real books." It uses "pop notation" rather then "jazz notation" No triangles here.
As a horn player I would recommend this book. It has jazz standards as well as bop songs and fusion songs. As a singer I would recommend the "Just Standards Real Book." I have both and use them as a gigging musician. For sitting at home and practicing, I would choose one or the other based on my needs.Just Jazz Real Book, E Flat Edition OverviewFrom classic jazz standards to bebop, cool, and modern jazz, the Just Jazz Real Book contains 250 jazz classics that are the core required repertoire for jazz musicians all over the world. Production teams in both the U.S. and U.K. took great care to ensure the accuracy and usability of each arrangement, and original composer sources were consulted to ensure that the arrangements remained true to the composers' intentions. Each book in the series is extensively cross-referenced with appendices that include a complete composer index, a complete discography of suggested recorded versions for each song, a section on how to play from a fakebook, chord theory reference pages, chord voicings, and a section on how to create interesting chord substitutions. Comb bound, approx. 400 pages.

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Space Is The Place: The Lives And Times Of Sun Ra Review

Space Is The Place: The Lives And Times Of Sun Ra
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Space Is The Place: The Lives And Times Of Sun Ra ReviewFirst let me say that I am a bigtime Sun Ra fan. If someone did not like Sun Ra's music, this book would probably not be as much fun, but it still might be interesting - say, a three-star rating instead of a five.
Ra has made much of his swing era big band background, having arranged for and performed with Fletcher Henderson ca. 1947, during that band leader's years of decline. This book documents something much less obvious: Ra's indebtedness to doo wop, R&B and even mood music. Who would have guessed the resemblance to Les Baxter? I now hear both Ra and Baxter with new ears. Starting in the first chapter, the book provides important background available nowhere else, such as detailed description of the 1930s Birmingham social clubs, a little known musical scene.
About two thirds of the way through, the narration freezes and the book gets bogged down in describing Ra as a philosopher and poet. This is rather thin soup. Szwed tosses out twenty-dollar terms like "gnosticism" without giving any clear evidence that he, or Ra for that matter, really understands them. Fact is that Ra's genius was largely intuitive, and his uses of Egyptian history and futuristic technophilia were largely metaphorical posturing. Ra's philosophy and poetry are valuable only because he was a musical genius. Students of the music should remember that the programmatic content was used ritually in performance but in no way validates his music or makes it better.
The chapters covering the 1930s through 1960s are fairly detailed. In contrast, the narration about Ra's last 15 years (1977-92) is curtailed (perhaps by a deadline), and we get barely one page per year of activity. A complement to Szwed's book is Robert Campbell's discography, The Earthly Recordings of Sun Ra (Cadence Books), which gives very few pages to the early years but becomes thick by listing recordings made in the 1980s, when technology had made live recordings commonplace.
...I am about to read John Szwed's book for the fifth time. After reading it the second time, I was so sorry to finish I had to start over again. That's why I wish there were more about his late recording and touring career.
If you don't know Sun Ra's music, start with the Evidence CDs and get with it. If you already know and like Ra's music, then you will enjoy this book.Space Is The Place: The Lives And Times Of Sun Ra Overview

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Artie Shaw, King of the Clarinet: His Life and Times Review

Artie Shaw, King of the Clarinet: His Life and Times
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Artie Shaw, King of the Clarinet: His Life and Times ReviewIn 1985, in what I now view as a life event, my wife and I saw Artie Shaw perform at the Blue Note in New York. I passed the 75 year-old jazz star in the hallway, and I was about to approach him, but his manner said stay away. It wasn't personal. Shaw disliked fans; in fact, he said, "Keep `em all away from me," that very night. So I never talked to Artie Shaw. Still, I felt I knew him, having read his memoir, "The Trouble With Cinderella," several times, starting at age 15. And now I know him even better, thanks to "Three Chords for Beauty's Sake, The Life of Artie Shaw," an excellent new book by Tom Nolan. It's the tale of how Arthur Arshawsky, a Jewish kid from the Lower East Side, became a popular band leader and great jazz clarinetist almost by force of will. Nolan has all: The childhood anti-Semitism; the long musical apprenticeship; the breakthrough to stardom in 1938 with "Begin the Beguine;" Shaw's walkout from the music business a year later; his return with the mega-hit, "Frenesi;" his breaking of the color line by hiring Billie Holiday, Roy Eldridge and Hot Lips Page; the exquisite tone he drew from the clarinet. The women are here (Lana Turner, Ava Gardner, Betty Grable, Lena Horne), and the war (fighting men cried when Navy Chief Shaw and his Rangers played in jungle outposts or on the decks of aircraft carriers). Here, too, are Shaw's postwar depression, his emergence with a new band, his appearance before the House Un-American Activities Committee and his struggle to write. The book is well-documented, for Shaw lived until 2004 and was always ready to talk about himself to journalists. And it's well-written. But there are two vast holes at the center of it, neither of them Nolan's fault. For one, we never find out why Shaw gave up the clarinet in 1954 after doing some of his best work with a small jazz combo. (He didn't play the night I saw him--he conducted, and shared memories in his gruff way). Shaw's own answers are unsatisfying. And how is it that a flawed human being like Shaw, who rejected his sons and was cruel to his wives, could produce some of the most romantic and lyrical recordings ever made, like "Star Dust," "Dancing in the Dark," "Alone Together" and "Summertime?" I've accepted the fact that I know very little about Artie Shaw.Artie Shaw, King of the Clarinet: His Life and Times Overview

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The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz Review

The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz
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The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz ReviewAs a librarian, I can't begin to explain the value of this volume for use by students and other patrons wanting concise but informative biographical information on jazz musicians -- a very popular topic for school reports.
The entries may be short, but they are complete, and can serve as a starting point for further research.The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz Overview

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Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday Review

Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude Ma Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday
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Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday ReviewDavis work is a powerful re-reading of Blues women, and firmly places them in the center, rather than the margin, of Black oppositional and autonomous culture discourse. The book is mostly devoted to the work of Gertrude Rainey and Bessie Smith, but there are important sections devoted to Billie Holiday as well. In each case, the Davis argues for a more complete contextual understanding of Blues women music as introducing gender issues, breaking discursive taboos, and forging meaning within the context of an imagined community of Black women's lives.

To begin with, Davis convincingly argues that Blues women were on the vanguard in breaking down taboos concerning domestic violence and male subjugation, as many Blues songs concerned these matters. Davis uses powerful works such as "Rough and Tumble Blues," "See See Rider Blues," and "Send Me to the 'Lectric Chair," to demonstrate that Blues women were willing to engage in oppositional, if allegorical, violence in the service of personal autonomy. Even man songs that seem to demonstrate acquiescence, even masochism, in the face of male abuse can be seen to have an ironic, subversive, or didactic quality that belies a simplistic surface reading.

Davis also takes on the common notion that Blues music doesn't include social protest, an interpretation that has been pushed by white commentators, such as Samuel Charters, and black commentators, such as Albert Murray. Davis argues that Blues music inherits from Slave musical culture a coded approach to naming and resistance that demands more than a surface analysis of the lyrics, and takes into account the role of music as a lyrical interlocuter. Focusing on tunes such as "Backwater Blues" and "Washwoman's Blues," Davis almost always effectively demonstrates that coded protest is still protest, and that women's blues historically anticipated and grounded mass movements in the areas of civil rights and feminism, while remaining linked with West African hermeneutic structure of naming and interpretation, such as "nommo."

In terms of Religious content, Davis forcefully recounts how women reconfigured a secular existential (or even "Devil's") music as prayer itself, magically and aesthetically conjured to exorcise emotions such as "the blues." At the same time, she harshly criticizes the Black church for adopting Christian dualisms concerning the moral status of body and spirit, which she sees as sexualized forms of racism and sexism--- since both blacks and women have been semiotically linked with earthiness and body as opposed to spirit by while male elites. Celebratory Sexuality, on the other hand, has always, according to Davis, been an oppositional aspect of black working-class consciousness. This extends beyond sexuality to an affirmation of Black folk religious life (such as Hoodoo) and crossing of class boundaries in the Blues, which Davis contends is a major reason Blues music was ignored and even distanced by Black elites during the Harlem Renaissance.

Davis's discussion of Billie Holiday is short (two chapters) but powerful, in which she argues that Holiday subversively appropriated the saccharine Tin Pan Alley love song format she was given as Slaves would have appropriated the English language upon their arrival in the North Americas. Holiday worked little in the formal Blues, but was nontheless grounded in the Blues idiom, from which she drew inspiration, and a subversive presentation of white romantic life to Black audiences. In this vein, such songs as "Strange Fruit" fit more coherently, and the ironic (and yet utopian) edge in her voice professes to the truth of Black women's lives, even in ways that on the surface seem to be feministically regressive.

There are isolated examples where Davis is less successful than at other times, but on the whole, her argumentation is strong and fearless, and her analogical and narrative analysis of the music along with lyrics adds, rather than detracts, from her argument.Blues Legacies and Black Feminism: Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Billie Holiday Overview

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A Love Supreme: The Story of John Coltrane's Signature Album Review

A Love Supreme: The Story of John Coltrane's Signature Album
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A Love Supreme: The Story of John Coltrane's Signature Album ReviewI loved this book. In fact I was just ordering a few extra copies to give as gifts to serious jazz connoisseurs when I came across this drivel from Rich Fontana in the customer reviews section. I felt that as a fan of both the album and the book, I am compelled to reply to his assiduously prepared critique.
In taking the author to task for being a fan, he misses the point of the book entirely: it is intended as a passionate celebration as much as carefully researched study. The author admits it unabashedly, Coltrane himself stated that an "emotional reaction" to music was paramount (in a '64 interview with Leonard Feather) and how else can one measure the effect and influence of a spiritual album without engaging the emotional?
As stated clearly by the author, and Elvin Jones and McCoy Tyner - A Love Supreme was indeed a culmination of the quartet's three years together, not a culmination of Coltrane's career. Yes, Crescent was important and the author states that, even proposing it as an effective blueprint for the four-part suite that ALS is. Mr. Fontana's argument that his own perspective on Crescent is significantly different from the author's goes so far into the realm of picayune that - if it were deemed important enough to be published -- the vast majority of readers would end up scratching their heads and closing the book. (And while on the subject of hair-splitting, Crescent was recorded and released in 1964 - not 1963 - as Mr. Fontana maintains, an important matter in the hyper-charged Trane timeline.)
As to Kahn's use (another small matter apparently missed by someone who relishes detail: the author's name is K-A-H-N) of rock n' rollers (and minimalists, and world musicians) in gauging the reach and influence of ALS. One of the primary intentions of the book is OBVIOUSLY to show how Coltrane managed to transcend stylistic and categorical boundaries - and still does. In the same way the old Blindfold interviews in Down Beat - in which say, Coltrane would praise Lester Young, leading certain fans to ferret out and enjoy old Count Basie recordings - today's far-flung media allows a Carlos Santana oreven the dreaded Bono to help point their fans to the music of Coltrane
In the end, Mr. Fontana comes across as one who requires his music writing the same way: dry, analytical, single-minded. Jazz - and music in general - is NOT rocket science and should not be left to the cold, hard interpretation of one person (such as Mr. Fontana's own, opinion-as-fact portrayal of Coltrane's musical path.) In the virtual round-table Kahn has produced in this book, there is life and passion (and a helluva lot of great photographic images), powered by his own perceptions but mostly by the input of others: jazz musicians, jazz fans, even regular (G-d forbid -- non-jazz) listeners. He trusts his reader to figure it all out for him or herself, that somewhere among all those voices sits the general truth of music, Coltrane and A Love Supreme.
I applaud Ashley Kahn for making a very readable, authoritative book that exudes love and respect for its subject. This kind of writing will do more to breathe life into the jazz continuum than the boring tomes that more often pass for jazz writing. I can't wait to see what Kahn comes up with next.A Love Supreme: The Story of John Coltrane's Signature Album Overview

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